References
Adam, Elhadi, Onisimo Mutanga, and Denis Rugege. 2010. “Multispectral and Hyperspectral Remote Sensing for Identification and Mapping of Wetland Vegetation: A Review.” Wetlands Ecology and Management 18 (3): 281–96. doi:10.1007/s11273-009-9169-z.
Adame, María Fernanda, David Neil, Sara F Wright, and Catherine E Lovelock. 2010. “Sedimentation Within and Among Mangrove Forests Along a Gradient of Geomorphological Settings.” Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 86 (1): 21–30. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2009.10.013.
Alongi, Daniel M. 2011. “Carbon Payments for Mangrove Conservation: Ecosystem Constraints and Uncertainties of Sequestration Potential.” Environmental Science & Policy 14 (4): 462–70. doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2011.02.004.
———. 2012. “Carbon Sequestration in Mangrove Forests.” Carbon Management 3 (3): 313–22. doi:10.4155/cmt.12.20.
———. 2014. “Carbon Cycling and Storage in Mangrove Forests.” Annual Review of Marine Science 6: 195–219. doi:10.1146/annurev-marine-010213-135020.
Amundson, Ronald. 2001. “The Carbon Budget in Soils.” Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 29 (1): 535–62. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.29.1.535.
———. 2003. “Soil Formation.” In Treatise on Geochemistry, First Edition, Vol. 5, 1–35. Elsevier Ltd. doi:10.1016/B0-08-043751-6/05073-8.
———. 2014. “Soil Formation.” In Treatise on Geochemistry, Second Edition, Vol. 7, 1–26. Elsevier Ltd. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-095975-7.00501-5.
Asner, Gregory P, Joseph Mascaro, Christopher Anderson, David E Knapp, Roberta E Martin, Ty Kennedy-Bowdoin, Michiel van Breugel, et al. 2013. “High-Fidelity National Carbon Mapping for Resource Management and Redd+.” Carbon Balance and Management 8 (1): 7. doi:10.1186/1750-0680-8-7.
Atwood, Trisha B, Rod M Connolly, Hanan Almahasheer, Paul E Carnell, Carlos M Duarte, Carolyn J Ewers Lewis, Xabier Irigoien, et al. 2017. “Global Patterns in Mangrove Soil Carbon Stocks and Losses.” Nature Climate Change 7 (7): nclimate3326. doi:10.1038/NCLIMATE3326.
Balke, Thorsten, and Daniel A Friess. 2016. “Geomorphic Knowledge for Mangrove Restoration: A Pan-Tropical Categorization.” Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 41 (2): 231–39. doi:10.1002/esp.3841.
Ball, Marilyn C. 1988. “Ecophysiology of Mangroves.” Trees 2 (3): 129–42. doi:10.1007/BF00196018.
Ball, Marylyn C. 1980. “Patterns of Secondary Succession in a Mangrove Forest of Southern Florida.” Oecologia 44 (2): 226–35. doi:10.1007/BF00572684.
Beisner, Beatrix E, Daniel T Haydon, and Kim Cuddington. 2003. “Alternative Stable States in Ecology.” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 1 (7): 376–82. doi:10.1890/1540-9295(2003)001[0376:ASSIE]2.0.CO;2.
Bekker, Renée M, Eddy van der Maarel, Helge Bruelheide, and Kerry Woods. 2007. “Long-Term Datasets: From Descriptive to Predictive Data Using Ecoinformatics.” Journal of Vegetation Science 18 (4): 458–62. doi:10.1111/j.1654-1103.2007.tb02559.x.
Bethke, Craig M, Robert A Sanford, Matthew F Kirk, Qusheng Jin, and Theodore M Flynn. 2011. “The Thermodynamic Ladder in Geomicrobiology.” American Journal of Science 311 (3): 183–210. doi:10.2475/03.2011.01.
Biggs, Reinette, Stephen R Carpenter, and William A Brock. 2009. “Turning back from the brink: Detecting an impending regime shift in time to avert it.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106 (3): 1–6.
Boettiger, Carl, and Alan Hastings. 2012. “Quantifying Limits to Detection of Early Warning for Critical Transitions.” Journal of the Royal Society Interface, rsif20120125. doi:10.1098/rsif.2012.0125.
Bouillon, Steven, Farid Dahdouh-Guebas, AVVS Rao, Nico Koedam, and Frank Dehairs. 2003. “Sources of Organic Carbon in Mangrove Sediments: Variability and Possible Ecological Implications.” Hydrobiologia 495 (1): 33–39. doi:10.1023/A:1025411506526.
Bunt, John S. 1996. “Mangrove Zonation: An Examination of Data from Seventeen Riverine Estuaries in Tropical Australia.” Annals of Botany 78 (3): 333–41. doi:10.1006/anbo.1996.0128.
Cannicci, Stefano, Damien Burrows, Sara Fratini, Thomas J Smith, Joachim Offenberg, and Farid Dahdouh-Guebas. 2008. “Faunal Impact on Vegetation Structure and Ecosystem Function in Mangrove Forests: A Review.” Aquatic Botany 89 (2): 186–200. doi:10.1016/j.aquabot.2008.01.009.
Carlton, Jedfrey M. 1974. “Land-Building and Stabilization by Mangroves.” Environmental Conservation 1 (4): 285–94. doi:10.1017/S0376892900004926.
Cavanaugh, Kyle C, James R Kellner, Alexander J Forde, Daniel S Gruner, John D Parker, Wilfrid Rodriguez, and Ilka C Feller. 2014. “Poleward Expansion of Mangroves Is a Threshold Response to Decreased Frequency of Extreme Cold Events.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111 (2): 723–27. doi:10.1073/pnas.1315800111.
Chapman, Valentine Jackson. 1976a. “Ecological Factors.” In Mangrove Vegetation, 190–223. Strauss & Cramer GmbH.
———. 1976b. “Physiology of Mangroves.” In Mangrove Vegetation, 224–69. Strauss & Cramer GmbH.
Chen, Ronghua, and Robert R Twilley. 1998. “A Gap Dynamic Model of Mangrove Forest Development Along Gradients of Soil Salinity and Nutrient Resources.” Journal of Ecology 86: 37–51. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745.1998.00233.x.
Dronova, Iryna. 2015. “Object-Based Image Analysis in Wetland Research: A Review.” Remote Sensing 7 (5): 6380–6413. doi:10.3390/rs70506380.
Dronova, Iryna, Peng Gong, Nicholas E Clinton, Lin Wang, Wei Fu, Shuhua Qi, and Ying Liu. 2012. “Landscape Analysis of Wetland Plant Functional Types: The Effects of Image Segmentation Scale, Vegetation Classes and Classification Methods.” Remote Sensing of Environment 127: 357–69. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2012.09.018.
Dronova, Iryna, Peng Gong, Lin Wang, and Liheng Zhong. 2015. “Mapping Dynamic Cover Types in a Large Seasonally Flooded Wetland Using Extended Principal Component Analysis and Object-Based Classification.” Remote Sensing of Environment 158: 193–206. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2014.10.027.
Ellison, Aaron M, Elizabeth J Farnsworth, and Rachel E Merkt. 1999. “Origins of Mangrove Ecosystems and the Mangrove Biodiversity Anomaly.” Global Ecology and Biogeography 8 (2): 95–115. doi:10.1046/j.1466-822X.1999.00126.x.
Ellison, Aaron M, Barid B Mukherjee, and Ansarul Karim. 2000. “Testing Patterns of Zonation in Mangroves: Scale Dependence and Environmental Correlates in the Sundarbans of Bangladesh.” Journal of Ecology 88 (5): 813–24.
Ellison, Joanna C. 2015. “Vulnerability Assessment of Mangroves to Climate Change and Sea-Level Rise Impacts.” Wetlands Ecology and Management 23 (2): 115–37. doi:10.1007/s11273-014-9397-8.
Eslami-Andergoli, L, PER Dale, JM Knight, and Hamish McCallum. 2015. “Approaching Tipping Points: A Focussed Review of Indicators and Relevance to Managing Intertidal Ecosystems.” Wetlands Ecology and Management 23 (5): 791–802. doi:10.1007/s11273-014-9352-8.
Farnsworth, Elizabeth. 1998. “Issues of Spatial, Taxonomic and Temporal Scale in Delineating Links Between Mangrove Diversity and Ecosystem Function.” Global Ecology & Biogeography Letters 7 (1): 15–25. doi:10.1111/j.1466-8238.1998.00265.x.
Feller, Ilka C, CE Lovelock, U Berger, KL McKee, SB Joye, and MC Ball. 2010. “Biocomplexity in Mangrove Ecosystems.” Annual Review of Marine Science 2: 395–417. doi:10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163809.
Ferreira, TO, XL Otero, P Vidal-Torrado, and F Macías. 2007. “Redox Processes in Mangrove Soils Under in Relation to Different Environmental Conditions.” Soil Science Society of America Journal 71 (2): 484–91. doi:10.2136/sssaj2006.0078.
Fischer, Joern, Garry D. Peterson, Toby A. Gardner, Line J. Gordon, Ioan Fazey, Thomas Elmqvist, Adam Felton, Carl Folke, and Stephen Dovers. 2009. “Integrating resilience thinking and optimisation for conservation.” Trends in Ecology and Evolution 24 (10): 549–54. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2009.03.020.
Folke, Carl, Stephen R Carpenter, Brian Walker, Marten Scheffer, Terry Chapin, and Johan Rockstrom. 2010. “Resilience thinking: Integrating resilience, adaptability and transformability.” Ecology and Society 15 (4).
Furukawa, K, E Wolanski, and H Mueller. 1997. “Currents and Sediment Transport in Mangrove Forests.” Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 44 (3): 301–10. doi:10.1006/ecss.1996.0120.
Furukawa, Keita, and Eric Wolanski. 1996. “Sedimentation in Mangrove Forests.” Mangroves and Salt Marshes 1 (1): 3–10.
Gilman, Eric L, Joanna Ellison, Norman C Duke, and Colin Field. 2008. “Threats to Mangroves from Climate Change and Adaptation Options: A Review.” Aquatic Botany 89 (2): 237–50. doi:10.1016/j.aquabot.2007.12.009.
Giri, Chandra. 2016. “Observation and Monitoring of Mangrove Forests Using Remote Sensing: Opportunities and Challenges.” Remote Sensing 8. doi:10.3390/rs8090783.
Green, Edmund P, Christopher D Clark, Peter J Mumby, Alasdair J Edwards, and AC Ellis. 1998. “Remote Sensing Techniques for Mangrove Mapping.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 19 (5): 935–56. doi:10.1080/014311698215801.
Hale, Stephen S, and Jeffrey W Hollister. 2009. “Beyond Data Management: How Ecoinformatics Can Benefit Environmental Monitoring Programs.” Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 150 (1-4): 227. doi:10.1007/s10661-008-0675-x.
Hess, Laura L, John M Melack, and David S Simonett. 1990. “Radar Detection of Flooding Beneath the Forest Canopy: A Review.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 11 (7): 1313–25.
Heumann, Benjamin W. 2011. “Satellite Remote Sensing of Mangrove Forests: Recent Advances and Future Opportunities.” Progress in Physical Geography 35 (1): 87–108. doi:10.1177/0309133310385371.
Hurlbert, Stuart H. 1984. “Pseudoreplication and the Design of Ecological Field Experiments.” Ecological Monographs 54 (2): 187–211. doi:10.2307/1942661.
Imhoff, Marc Lee, and Dean B Gesch. 1990. “The Derivation of a Sub-Canopy Digital Terrain Model of a Flooded Forest Using Synthetic Aperture Radar.” Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 56 (8): 1155–62.
Jenny, Hans. 1994. Factors of Soil Formation: A System of Quantitative Pedology. Courier Corporation.
Jimenez, Jorge A, Ariel E Lugo, and Gilberto Cintron. 1985. “Tree Mortality in Mangrove Forests.” Biotropica, 177–85. doi:10.2307/2388214.
Johnson, Craig R, Rebecca H Chabot, Martin P Marzloff, and Simon Wotherspoon. 2017. “Knowing When (Not) to Attempt Ecological Restoration.” Restoration Ecology 25 (1): 140–47. doi:10.1111/rec.12413.
Jones, Matthew B, Mark P Schildhauer, OJ Reichman, and Shawn Bowers. 2006. “The New Bioinformatics: Integrating Ecological Data from the Gene to the Biosphere.” Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 37. doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.37.091305.110031.
Kamal, Muhammad, and Stuart Phinn. 2011. “Hyperspectral Data for Mangrove Species Mapping: A Comparison of Pixel-Based and Object-Based Approach.” Remote Sensing 3 (10): 2222–42. doi:10.3390/rs3102222.
Knight, Jon M, Pat ER Dale, John Spencer, and Lachlan Griffin. 2009. “Exploring Lidar Data for Mapping the Micro-Topography and Tidal Hydro-Dynamics of Mangrove Systems: An Example from Southeast Queensland, Australia.” Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 85 (4): 593–600. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2009.10.002.
Krauss, Ken W, Catherine E Lovelock, Karen L McKee, Laura López-Hoffman, Sharon ML Ewe, and Wayne P Sousa. 2008. “Environmental Drivers in Mangrove Establishment and Early Development: A Review.” Aquatic Botany 89 (2): 105–27. doi:10.1016/j.aquabot.2007.12.014.
Krauss, Ken W, Karen L McKee, Catherine E Lovelock, Donald R Cahoon, Neil Saintilan, Ruth Reef, and Luzhen Chen. 2014. “How Mangrove Forests Adjust to Rising Sea Level.” New Phytologist 202 (1): 19–34. doi:10.1111/nph.12605.
Krauss, KW, JA Allen, and DR Cahoon. 2003. “Differential Rates of Vertical Accretion and Elevation Change Among Aerial Root Types in Micronesian Mangrove Forests.” Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 56 (2): 251–59. doi:10.1016/S0272-7714(02)00184-1.
Kristensen, Erik, Steven Bouillon, Thorsten Dittmar, and Cyril Marchand. 2008. “Organic Carbon Dynamics in Mangrove Ecosystems: A Review.” Aquatic Botany 89 (2): 201–19. doi:10.1016/j.aquabot.2007.12.005.
Kuenzer, Claudia, Andrea Bluemel, Steffen Gebhardt, Tuan Vo Quoc, and Stefan Dech. 2011. “Remote Sensing of Mangrove Ecosystems: A Review.” Remote Sensing 3 (5): 878–928. doi:10.3390/rs3050878.
Lovelock, Catherine E. 2008. “Soil Respiration and Belowground Carbon Allocation in Mangrove Forests.” Ecosystems 11 (2): 342–54. doi:10.1007/s10021-008-9125-4.
Lovelock, Catherine E, Brian K Sorrell, Nicole Hancock, Quan Hua, and Andrew Swales. 2010. “Mangrove Forest and Soil Development on a Rapidly Accreting Shore in New Zealand.” Ecosystems 13 (3): 437–51. doi:10.1007/s10021-010-9329-2.
Lucas, Richard M, Anthea L Mitchell, Ake Rosenqvist, Christophe Proisy, Alex Melius, and Catherine Ticehurst. 2007. “The Potential of L-Band Sar for Quantifying Mangrove Characteristics and Change: Case Studies from the Tropics.” Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 17 (3): 245–64. doi:10.1002/aqc.833.
Lucas, Richard, Lisa Maria Rebelo, Lola Fatoyinbo, Ake Rosenqvist, Takuya Itoh, Masanobu Shimada, Marc Simard, et al. 2014. “Contribution of L-band SAR to systematic global mangrove monitoring.” Marine and Freshwater Research 65 (7): 589–603. doi:10.1071/MF13177.
Lugo, Ariel E. 1980. “Mangrove Ecosystems: Successional or Steady State?” Biotropica, 65–72. doi:10.2307/2388158.
Lugo, Ariel E, and Samuel C Snedaker. 1974. “The Ecology of Mangroves.” Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 5: 39–64. doi:10.1146/annurev.es.05.110174.000351.
Lunstrum, Abby, and Luzhen Chen. 2014. “Soil Carbon Stocks and Accumulation in Young Mangrove Forests.” Soil Biology and Biochemistry 75: 223–32. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.04.008.
Madin, Joshua S, Shawn Bowers, Mark P Schildhauer, and Matthew B Jones. 2008. “Advancing Ecological Research with Ontologies.” Trends in Ecology & Evolution 23 (3): 159–68. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2007.11.007.
Madin, Joshua, Shawn Bowers, Mark Schildhauer, Sergeui Krivov, Deana Pennington, and Ferdinando Villa. 2007. “An Ontology for Describing and Synthesizing Ecological Observation Data.” Ecological Informatics 2 (3): 279–96. doi:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2007.05.004.
McKee, Karen L. 1993. “Soil Physicochemical Patterns and Mangrove Species Distribution–reciprocal Effects?” Journal of Ecology, 477–87. doi:10.2307/2261526.
———. 1995. “Seedling Recruitment Patterns in a Belizean Mangrove Forest: Effects of Establishment Ability and Physico-Chemical Factors.” Oecologia 101 (4): 448–60. doi:10.1007/BF00329423.
McKee, Karen L, Donald R Cahoon, and Ilka C Feller. 2007. “Caribbean Mangroves Adjust to Rising Sea Level Through Biotic Controls on Change in Soil Elevation.” Global Ecology and Biogeography 16 (5): 545–56. doi:10.1111/j.1466-8238.2007.00317.x.
Michener, William K. 2006. “Meta-Information Concepts for Ecological Data Management.” Ecological Informatics 1 (1): 3–7. doi:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2005.08.004.
Michener, William K, and Matthew B Jones. 2012. “Ecoinformatics: Supporting Ecology as a Data-Intensive Science.” Trends in Ecology & Evolution 27 (2): 85–93. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2011.11.016.
Michener, William K, Thomas J Baerwald, Penelope Firth, Margaret A Palmer, James L Rosenberger, Elizabeth A Sandlin, and Herman Zimmerman. 2001. “Defining and Unraveling Biocomplexity.” BioScience 51 (12): 1018–23. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[1018:DAUB]2.0.CO;2.
Moffett, Kevan B, William Nardin, Sonia Silvestri, Chen Wang, and Stijn Temmerman. 2015. “Multiple Stable States and Catastrophic Shifts in Coastal Wetlands: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities in Validating Theory Using Remote Sensing and Other Methods.” Remote Sensing 7 (8): 10184–10226. doi:10.3390/rs70810184.
Mutanga, Onisimo, and Andrew K Skidmore. 2004. “Narrow Band Vegetation Indices Overcome the Saturation Problem in Biomass Estimation.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 25 (19): 3999–4014. doi:10.1080/01431160310001654923.
Polasky, Stephen, Stephen R Carpenter, Carl Folke, and Bonnie Keeler. 2011. “Decision-Making Under Great Uncertainty: Environmental Management in an Era of Global Change.” Trends in Ecology & Evolution 26 (8): 398–404. doi:10.1016/j.tree.2011.04.007.
Proisy, C, E Mougin, F Fromard, and MA Karam. 2000. “Interpretation of Polarimetric Radar Signatures of Mangrove Forests.” Remote Sensing of Environment 71 (1): 56–66. doi:10.1016/S0034-4257(99)00064-4.
Proisy, C, E Mougin, F Fromard, V Trichon, and MA Karam. 2002. “On the Influence of Canopy Structure on the Radar Backscattering of Mangrove Forests.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 23 (20): 4197–4210. doi:10.1080/01431160110107725.
Putz, Francis E, and HT Chan. 1986. “Tree Growth, Dynamics, and Productivity in a Mature Mangrove Forest in Malaysia.” Forest Ecology and Management 17: 211–30. doi:10.1016/0378-1127(86)90113-1.
Rabinowitz, Deborah. 1978a. “Dispersal Properties of Mangrove Propagules.” Biotropica, 47–57. doi:10.2307/2388105.
———. 1978b. “Early Growth of Mangrove Seedlings in Panama, and an Hypothesis Concerning the Relationship of Dispersal and Zonation.” Journal of Biogeography, 113–33. doi:10.2307/3038167.
Ramsey, Elijah W, and John R Jensen. 1996. “Remote Sensing of Mangrove Wetlands: Relating Canopy Spectra to Site-Specific Data.” Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 62 (8): 939–48.
Reichman, O James, Matthew B Jones, and Mark P Schildhauer. 2011. “Challenges and Opportunities of Open Data in Ecology.” Science 331 (6018): 703–5. doi:10.1126/science.1197962.
Rüegg, Janine, Corinna Gries, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Gabriel J Bowen, Benjamin S Felzer, Nancy E McIntyre, Patricia A Soranno, Kristin L Vanderbilt, and Kathleen C Weathers. 2014. “Completing the Data Life Cycle: Using Information Management in Macrosystems Ecology Research.” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 12 (1): 24–30. doi:10.1890/120375.
Sasmito, Sigit D, Daniel Murdiyarso, Daniel A Friess, and Sofyan Kurnianto. 2016. “Can Mangroves Keep Pace with Contemporary Sea Level Rise? A Global Data Review.” Wetlands Ecology and Management 24 (2): 263–78. doi:10.1007/s11273-015-9466-7.
Scheffer, Marten, Jordi Bascompte, William A Brock, Victor Brovkin, Stephen R Carpenter, Vasilis Dakos, Hermann Held, Egbert H Van Nes, Max Rietkerk, and George Sugihara. 2009. “Early-Warning Signals for Critical Transitions.” Nature 461 (7260): 53–59. doi:10.1038/nature08227.
Scheffer, Marten, Steve Carpenter, Jonathan A Foley, Carl Folke, and Brian Walker. 2001. “Catastrophic shifts in ecosystems.” Nature 413: 591–96. doi:10.1038/35098000.
Sherman, Ruth E, Timothy J Fahey, and John J Battles. 2000. “Small-Scale Disturbance and Regeneration Dynamics in a Neotropical Mangrove Forest.” Journal of Ecology 88: 165–78. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745.2000.00439.x.
Sherman, Ruth E, Timothy J Fahey, and Robert W Howarth. 1998. “Soil-Plant Interactions in a Neotropical Mangrove Forest: Iron, Phosphorus and Sulfur Dynamics.” Oecologia 115 (4): 553–63. doi:10.1007/s004420050.
Smith, MJ, and CF Pain. 2009. “Applications of Remote Sensing in Geomorphology.” Progress in Physical Geography 33 (4): 568–82. doi:10.1177/0309133309346648.
Smith, Thomas J. 1987. “Seed Predation in Relation to Tree Dominance and Distribution in Mangrove Forests.” Ecology 68 (2): 266–73. doi:10.2307/1939257.
———. 1992. “Forest Structure.” In Tropical Mangrove Ecosystems, edited by Alistar I. Robertson and Daniel M. Alongi, 101–36. The American Geophysical Union. doi:10.1029/CE041p0101.
Smith, Thomas J, Hung T Chan, Carole C McIvor, and Michael B Robblee. 1989. “Comparisons of Seed Predation in Tropical, Tidal Forests from Three Continents.” Ecology 70 (1): 146–51. doi:10.2307/1938421.
Soranno, Patricia A, Kendra S Cheruvelil, Edward G Bissell, Mary T Bremigan, John A Downing, Carol E Fergus, Christopher T Filstrup, et al. 2014. “Cross-Scale Interactions: Quantifying Multi-Scaled Cause–effect Relationships in Macrosystems.” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 12 (1): 65–73. doi:10.1890/120366.
Sousa, Wayne P, Peter G Kennedy, Betsy J Mitchell, L Ordóñez, and M Benjamín. 2007. “Supply-Side Ecology in Mangroves: Do Propagule Dispersal and Seedling Establishment Explain Forest Structure?” Ecological Monographs 77: 53–76. doi:10.1890/05-1935.
Sousa, Wayne, and Emily Dangremond. 2011. “Trophic Interactions in Coastal and Estuarine Mangrove Forest Ecosystems.” In Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science, Volume 6, 43–93. Elsevier Inc. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-374711-2.00606-9.
Souza-Filho, P W M, and W R Paradella. 2003. “Use of synthetic aperture radar for recognition of Coastal Geomorphological Features, land-use assessment and shoreline changes in Bragança coast, Para, Northern Brazil.” Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciencias 75 (3): 341–56. doi:10.1590/S0001-37652003000300007.
Souza-Filho, Pedro Walfir Martins, and Waldir Renato Paradella. 2002. “Recognition of the main geobotanical features along the Bragança mangrove coast (Brazilian Amazon Region) from Landsat TM and RADARSAT-1 data.” Wetlands Ecology and Management 10: 123–32. doi:10.1023/a:1016527528919.
Thom, Bruce G. 1967. “Mangrove Ecology and Deltaic Geomorphology: Tabasco, Mexico.” The Journal of Ecology, 301–43. doi:10.2307/2257879.
———. 1982. “Mangrove Ecology: A Geomorphological Perspective.” In Mangrove Ecosystem in Australia, Structure, Function and Management, edited by BF Clough, 3–17. Australian Institute of Marine Science.
———. 1984. “Coastal Landforms and Geomorphic Processes.” In The Mangrove Ecosystem: Research Methods, edited by Sam C Snedaker and Jane G Snedaker, 3–17. United Nations Educational, Scientific, & Cultural Organization.
Thompson, John N, OJ Reichman, Peter J Morin, Gary A Polis, Mary E Power, Robert W Sterner, Carol A Couch, et al. 2001. “Frontiers of Ecology: As Ecological Research Enters a New Era of Collaboration, Integration, and Technological Sophistication, Four Frontiers Seem Paramount for Understanding How Biological and Physical Processes Interact over Multiple Spatial and Temporal Scales to Shape the Earth’s Biodiversity.” BioScience 51 (1): 15–24. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0015:FOE]2.0.CO;2.
Vaiphasa, Chaichoke, Suwit Ongsomwang, Tanasak Vaiphasa, and Andrew K Skidmore. 2005. “Tropical Mangrove Species Discrimination Using Hyperspectral Data: A Laboratory Study.” Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 65 (1): 371–79. doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2005.06.014.
Vaiphasa, Chaichoke, Andrew K Skidmore, and Willem F de Boer. 2006. “A Post-Classifier for Mangrove Mapping Using Ecological Data.” ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 61 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2006.05.005.
Valiela, Ivan, Jennifer L Bowen, and Joanna K York. 2001. “Mangrove Forests: One of the World’s Threatened Major Tropical Environments.” Bioscience 51 (10): 807–15. doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0807:MFOOTW]2.0.CO;2.
Walsh, Stephen J, David R Butler, and George P Malanson. 1998. “An Overview of Scale, Pattern, Process Relationships in Geomorphology: A Remote Sensing and Gis Perspective.” Geomorphology 21 (3-4): 183–205. doi:10.1016/S0169-555X(97)00057-3.
Wang, L, WP Sousa, and P Gong. 2004. “Integration of Object-Based and Pixel-Based Classification for Mapping Mangroves with Ikonos Imagery.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 25 (24): 5655–68. doi:10.1080/014311602331291215.
Wang, LE, and Wayne P Sousa. 2009. “Distinguishing Mangrove Species with Laboratory Measurements of Hyperspectral Leaf Reflectance.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 30 (5): 1267–81. doi:10.1080/01431160802474014.
Wang, Le, Wayne P Sousa, Peng Gong, and Gregory S Biging. 2004. “Comparison of Ikonos and Quickbird Images for Mapping Mangrove Species on the Caribbean Coast of Panama.” Remote Sensing of Environment 91 (3): 432–40. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2004.04.005.
Wickham, Hadley, and others. 2014. “Tidy Data.” Journal of Statistical Software 59 (10): 1–23.
Williams, Richard J, Neo D Martinez, and Jennifer Golbeck. 2006. “Ontologies for Ecoinformatics.” Web Semantics: Science, Services and Agents on the World Wide Web 4 (4): 237–42. doi:10.1016/j.websem.2006.06.002.
Wolanski, Eric, and Peter Ridd. 1986. “Tidal Mixing and Trapping in Mangrove Swamps.” Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 23 (6): 759–71. doi:10.1016/0272-7714(86)90073-9.
Wolanski, Eric, Yoshiro Mazda, and Peter Ridd. 1992. “Mangrove Hydrodynamics.” In Tropical Mangrove Ecosystems, edited by Roberston A.I. and D.M. Alongi, 43–62. Wiley Online Library. doi:10.1029/CE041p0043.
Woodroffe, Colin D. 1983. “Development of Mangrove Forests from a Geological Perspective.” In Biology and Ecology of Mangroves, edited by H.J. Teas, 1–17. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-0914-9_1.
———. 1990. “The Impact of Sea-Level Rise on Mangrove Shorelines.” Progress in Physical Geography 14 (4): 483–520. doi:10.1177/030913339001400404.
———. 1992. “Mangrove Sediments and Geomorphology.” In Tropical Mangrove Ecosystems, edited by Alastar I Robertson and Daniel M Alongi, 7–41. doi:10.1029/CE041p0007.
Woodroffe, Colin D, Kerrylee Rogers, Karen L McKee, Catherine E Lovelock, IA Mendelssohn, and Neil Saintilan. 2016. “Mangrove Sedimentation and Response to Relative Sea-Level Rise.” Annual Review of Marine Science 8: 243–66. doi:10.1146/annurev-marine-122414-034025.